history of Islam in Indonesia

With the native population into Islam Nusantara and the establishment of Islamic governments in various regions of this archipelago, the trade with the Muslims from the center of the Islamic world became increasingly tight. Arabs who migrated to the archipelago are also more and more. The largest of which is derived from Hadramaut, Yemen. In Tarikh Hadramaut, migration is even said to be the largest in the history of Hadramaut. But after the European nations and the Christians came rakusnya-controlled areas in the archipelago by area, the relationship with the center of the Islamic world as if broken. Especially in the 17th century and 18th century CE. The reason, apart from the Muslims archipelago occupied by the resistance against colonialism, as well as various regulations created by the colonialists. Each time the colonists - mainly Dutch - lowered the Islamic kingdom in the archipelago, they must have passed the agreement whose contents are related to the royal ban trade with the outside world except through them. Then disconnect the Muslims with Muslim archipelago of other nations that have established hundreds of years. Colonialists desire to keep Muslims archipelago with its roots, is also seen from those who make policy merging of the indigenous Arabs.

Since the beginning of the arrival of Europeans in the late 15th century AD to the fertile islands of this prosperous, it has seen their gluttony to master. Moreover, they discovered that these islanders have embraced Islam, the religion of their enemies, so that the spirit of the Crusades was always carried around each time they lowered a region. In their fight against Islam in cooperation with indigenous kingdoms are still adhered to Hindu / Buddhist. One example, cruise lines to decide the Muslims, then after mastering Malacca in 1511, the Portuguese establish cooperation with the Kingdom of Sunda Pajajaran to build a base in Sunda Kelapa. But the purpose of this Portuguese failed miserably after the combined armies of Islam from the north along the coast of Java Island demolish them shoulder to shoulder in the year 1527 AD Of a historic battle was led by a son of Arab blood Aceh Gujarat, namely Fadhilah Khan al-Pasai, which is more famous for his title, Fathahillah. Before becoming an important person in the three Islamic kingdom of Java, namely Demak, Cirebon and Banten, Fathahillah had studied in Mecca. Even the participate defend Mecca of the Ottoman Turkish invasion.

The arrival of the colonialists on the one side has raised the spirit of jihad of the Muslims archipelago, but on the other side make the deepening of Islamic theology uneven. Only among boarding schools (madrassas) are deeply Islamic, and even then are usually limited to the Shafi'i school. While in most of the Muslims, there is mixing faith with pre-Islamic traditions. Priyayi circles close to the Dutch in fact been infected with the European lifestyle. This condition is still happening at least until now. Apart from this, Nusantara scholars are those who persevere against colonialism. Although many of them drawn from the congregation, but this is precisely the congregation who often rose against the invaders. And although in the end of each resistance is successfully suppressed by devious tactics, but history has recorded millions of martyrs who died in the archipelago various battles against the Dutch. Since the resistance of Islamic empires in the 16th and 17th centuries such as Malacca (Malaysia), Sulu (Philippines), Pasai, Banten, Sunda Kelapa, Makassar, Ternate, until the resistance of the scholars in the 18th century such as the War of Cirebon (Good raryin), Java War (Diponegoro), Padri War (Imam Bonjol), and the War in Aceh (Teuku Umar).